Diabetes is a long-term condition caused by too much glucose (sugar) in the blood. It is also known as diabetes mellitus. The two most common types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2 but there are others such as Gestational Diabetes (develops during pregnancy).

According to the charity Diabetes UK, more than two million people in the UK have the condition and up to 750,000 more are believed to have it without realising they do.

The sooner the blood sugar levels are brought under control, the better the long-term prospects of preventing damage. Lifestyle advice about diet, weight management and regular activity is the first step.

Within your surgery, you will have dedicated practice nurses who are passionate about providing exceptional diabetes care. This includes spotting the signs of pre-diabetes and offering prevention advice, as well as caring for you after a diabetes diagnosis. Our practice nurses also conduct annual diabetes reviews.

 As part of your annual review, you should have: 

A blood test where enough blood is taken to be sent to the lab to check your: 

• HbA1c (your average blood sugar levels for the past three months) 
• Cholesterol levels (how much fat is in your blood)  
• How well your kidneys are working  

You should be asked to provide a urine sample that is sent to the lab to check:  

• For any kidney damage 

At the appointment you should also have: 

• A foot check (done once every two years if your last check showed no problems) 
• Your weight and height measured to work out your Body Mass Index (BMI), to see if you're a healthy weight for your height 
• Your blood pressure measured. 

 Regular care to expect   

Everyone living with diabetes should have these diabetes checks and tests every year. If there are any that you haven’t had in the last year, speak to your healthcare team.  

 Each year, everyone with diabetes should have:  

• An HbA1c test, which checks your average blood sugar levels over the last three months.   
• A blood pressure check, a cholesterol test to check your blood fats, and blood and urine tests to check how well your kidneys are working.   
• A review of your weight and BMI 
• Eye screening to check for signs of diabetic retinopathy, which is a complication of diabetes. But this might be every other year if your previous checks were fine.   
• A foot check to make sure you don’t have problems with nerves or circulation in your feet. This may be once every other year if you live in Scotland and are at low risk for foot problems.    
• A review and update of your agreed diabetes management plan.    
• A review of the diabetes knowledge you already have and would like to have.   
• If you have type 2 diabetes, advice about your diet from a dietitian, and weight monitoring.    

It is still important to attend your primary care diabetes annual review even if you are being closely monitored by secondary care, as secondary care will not offer diabetes reviews in the same depth as primary care will.

Useful information and references relating to Type 1 Diabetes

A useful resource regarding Type 2 Diabetes

Largest charity in the UK devoted to the care and treatment of people with diabetes in order to improve the quality of life for people with the condition

Further information about symptoms, treatment, causes and prevention of Diabetes

Useful information on Gestational Diabetes.